Ruth,My wife worked in recruitment for many years and through her I have at least a dozen close friends in the industry and probably know fifty active recruiters. I can categorically promise you that some agents post ads for non-existent jobs. Here’s why.1. It doesn’t cost anything – most agencies now pay annual fees for the right to post unlimited jobs to job boards.2. It makes it look like the agency is busy – that attracts both candidates for the few jobs they do have AND clients.3. It makes the agency look like they know something about specific niches – constantly got ads for those areas – which is a long term positioning of the firm.4. As a minimum, it’s basic brand level marketing.5. Some agencies like having a big CV database – they think it helps win clients, so they still indulge in CV harvesting.6. Some agents (mainly contract market ones, but some perm) will use telephone interviews of candidates to fish for details of recruitment opportunities in the applicants company. In a sense the job they are advertising might be the one that you are leaving!7. Some individual agents use the ads to look busy. In essence they are kidding their sales manager that what was really a basic “chat” with a client a few weeks ago has in fact turned into a “requirement” (see - I even know the secret recruitment lingo!). They bluff their manager into thinking they have business while they frantically look around for real requirements.Sonetimes an agency posts an ad’s for what even they think is a “real” job, only to find that their client does not have the necessary sign-off (or appetite) to go through with the actual hiring. Consultancies are often made up of little fiefdoms and even though one area is making cuts, another might be speculatively advertising, only to have their wings clipped by HR after the ad has gone out. In these cases the recruitment agency has not deliberately lied, but has perhaps failed to qualify the opportunity (or turned a blind eye to it, where trying to keep their sales manager off their back for having no requirements).I don’t condone any of this; I’m just explaining that it does happen and why. If you think its bad in the permanent recruitment market, I can assure you it’s twice as bad in the term/contract market – particularly the fishing for contacts. The general line is “I just need two references from recent employers in order to put your CV forward for this role, please”….cue contractor providing names and contact details of recent hiring managers!Clearly you personally do not waste your time with any of this, but that does not mean that others don’t.If you think that all of this spurious activity sounds like bad economics, you'd be right - but what makes you think that many of the "pile em high, sell it cheap" recruitment agents who are desperate for a sale in these difficult times can be relied upon to make sensible investment decisions. In good times many of them throw mud at a wall in the hope its sticks, when bad times arrive, all they can do is double the amount of mud they throw at an ever smaller wall.